What are the main components of hair structure?

The main components of hair structure are the cuticle, cortex, and medulla.

The cuticle is the outermost layer of the hair shaft. It consists of overlapping, transparent cells that protect the inner layers from damage and environmental factors. This layer plays a vital role in the overall health and appearance of hair, as it helps to maintain moisture and shine.

The cortex lies beneath the cuticle and is the thickest layer of the hair shaft. It contains fibrous proteins and melanin, which give hair its strength, color, and texture. The cortex is essential for the hair's structural integrity and its ability to withstand styling practices, such as heat and chemical treatments.

Finally, the medulla is the innermost layer of hair, which may be absent in some types of hair. It is a soft, spongy substance that can play a role in the overall characteristics of the hair strand. However, its function in hair health and beauty is less significant compared to that of the cuticle and cortex.

Understanding these components is crucial for cosmetology professionals, as it informs hair care treatments, color applications, and styling techniques tailored to the unique structure of their clients' hair.